Purpose and context- The purpose of the research is to investigate and study the contexts of participation of the Kurds of Fili in the Arbaeen walking ceremony.

The Fili people of Iraq are Iranian Shiite Kurds who have been settled in the western regions of Iran throughout history and were forced to settle in Iraq at times. Being Iranian, the existence of Iranian tendencies to be influenced by the developments between them and Iran has caused them to be suspected by the Iraqi governments. The Ba'ath regime subjected them to the most severe oppressions, sanctions, and exiles.With the fall of the Baath Party and the return of immigrants, cultural and identity measures have resumed and one of the most important religious and cultural ceremonies; It is the mourning ceremony of Seyyed al-Shahda and the day of Arbaeen. Their intellectual-religious and cultural heritage, habitat and place of residence, as well as their participation, have given this ceremony a special appearance. Due to their heart belief and religious intention, they make vows with great love and interest to participate in this good tradition that has a long history in these regions.The research method is of historical-qualitative type (thematic analysis) and its statistical population includes first-hand documents and historical sources as well as interviews with knowledgeable people or gatekeepers of information. The sampling method was purposeful.

The results of the research show that the Kurds of Fili share with Iran in the components of religious affiliation; The divergence of Basis and Baath rule; intellectual and historical background; historical-cultural coexistence; defense of national security; Cultural-commercial interaction and language sharing are the most important motivations of the participants in the Arbaeen ceremony. vow culture; Religious belief, social and religious cohesion and solidarity, performing mourning ceremonies for martyrs has been.