فصلنامه علمی مطالعات راهبردی فرهنگ

فصلنامه علمی مطالعات راهبردی فرهنگ

تاثیر پیشینه فرهنگی بر رابطه دورکاری با استرس شغلی کارکنان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، واحد نراق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نراق، ایران. Mo.heidarih@iau.ac.ir
چکیده
پیشینه فرهنگی از طریق باورها در مورد اثربخشی و انزوای اجتماعی ناشی از دورکاری بر اثرات آن منتقل و استرس شغلی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. در مطالعه حاضر آثار مفید و ناکارآمد دورکاری بر استرس شغلی برگرفته از تحقیقات موجود با استفاده از نظریه ارزش‌های فرهنگی و نقش تعدیل‌کننده پیشینه فرهنگی کارکنان ازجمله؛ فردگرایی و فاصله قدرت به عنوان هدف پژوهش، مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفت. مطالعه حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش توصیفی-پیمایشی (سه مرحله‌ای/زمانی جهت کاهش خطر واریانس روش رایج) است. در زمینه‌یابی اول، 981 کارمند شرکت که 511 نفر (نرخ پاسخ 52درصد)، زمینه‌یابی دوم را تکمیل کردند. 384 کارمند زمینه‌یابی سوم را با نرخ پاسخ 2/75درصد تکمیل نمودند. داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد؛ فاصله قدرت و فردگرایی با شش گویه؛ استرس شغلی، باورها درزمینۀ اثربخشی و انزوای اجتماعی دورکاری هر کدام با سه گویه جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار Mplus مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. تأثیرات دورکاری بر استرس شغلی به ارزش‌های فرهنگی وابسته است. کارمندان دارای امتیازات فاصله قدرت پایین و فردگرایی بالا به دلیل باورهای مثبت نسبت به اثربخشی دور کاری از طرح‌های دورکاری استقبال می‌کنند، درحالی‌که کارمندان دارای امتیازات فاصله قدرت بالا و فردگرایی پایین، دورکاری را به عنوان یک حالت کاری مخرب، تلقی و باورهای منفی بیشتری در مورد دورکاری دارند. ازاین‌رو دورکاری فقط زمانی موجب کاهش استرس شغلی می‌شود که کارکنان باور نداشته باشند که دورکاری منجر به انزوای اجتماعی می‌شود. سازمان‌ها از دورکاران دارای جهت‌گیری‌های فاصله قدرت بالا و فردگرایی پایین که باورهای منفی در مورد دورکاری دارند، بیشتر حمایت کنند چون با تغییر باورهای منفی، تأثیرات مفید دورکاری ازجمله اثربخشی و عدم انزوای اجتماعی، ضمن کاهش استرس، باعث بهزیستی و کاهش هزینه‌های سفرهای سازمانی کارمندان خواهد شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Cultural Background on the Relationship Between Telework and Employees' Job Stress

نویسنده English

Mostafa Heidari Haratemeh
Associate Professor of the Department of Economics, Naragh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naragh, Iran. Email: Mo.heidarih@iau.ac.ir
چکیده English

Background and purpose: cultural background affects its effects and job stress through beliefs about the effectiveness and social isolation caused by telework. In the current study, the beneficial and ineffective effects of telework on job stress are taken from existing research using the theory of cultural values and the moderating role of employees' cultural background, including; Individualism and power distance were investigated and analyzed as research objectives. Methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey method (three-stage/temporal to reduce the risk of common method variance). In the first survey, 981 employees of the company, 511 (52% response rate), completed the second survey. 384 employees completed the third survey with a response rate of 75.2%. Data through standard questionnaires; power distance and individualism with six items; job stress, beliefs about the effectiveness and social isolation of remote work were collected with three items each and analyzed using structural equations and Mplus software.

Findings: The effects of telework on job stress depend on cultural values. Employees with low power distance and high individualism scores welcome telework plans due to positive beliefs about the effectiveness of telework, while employees with high power distance scores and low individualism perceive telework as a destructive work mode and have more negative beliefs in They have Telework. Therefore, telework only reduces job stress when employees do not believe that telecommuting leads to social isolation. Conclusion: Organizations should support telework with high power distance orientation and low individualism who have negative beliefs about teleworking, because by changing negative beliefs, the beneficial effects of teleworking, including effectiveness and lack of social isolation, while reducing stress, cause well-being and reduce costs, Organizational trips will be made by employees.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Cultural Background
Individualism
Job Stress
Power Distance
Social Isolation
Telework
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